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Volume 5, Issue 2

Title : Governmental Actions Through Regulations to Reduce Pollution in Ganga

Author : Kiffi Aggarwal-1 and Dr. Arti Sharma-2

Abstract :

The Ganges River, revered as sacred by millions, faces severe environmental degradation due to industrial discharge, sewage disposal, and urbanization. This study examines governmental regulatory measures implemented to reduce Ganga pollution, evaluating their effectiveness and challenges. The research analyzes key initiatives including the Water Prevention and Control of Pollution Act 1974, Ganga Action Plan 1986, and the comprehensive Namami Gange Programme launched in 2014 with a budget exceeding INR 20,000 crore. Despite establishing robust regulatory frameworks through the Central Pollution Control Board, National Ganga River Basin Authority, and judicial interventions led by Supreme Court orders, significant challenges persist. The study reveals that bureaucratic inefficiency, inadequate enforcement, coordination gaps between central and state agencies, and conflicting economic interests hinder effective implementation. While technological innovations including bioremediation, advanced water treatment, and satellite monitoring show promise, sustained efforts combining stricter enforcement, decentralized waste management, public participation, and improved inter-agency coordination are essential for meaningful restoration of the river's ecological health.

Keywords: Ganga pollution, environmental regulations, Namami Gange Programme, water quality management, governmental initiatives, pollution control, river restoration, environmental governance, sewage treatment, industrial effluents

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